Anthropic has opened a research preview of the Model Hardware Standard (MHS), a new specification allowing AI agents to safely operate physical lab and manufacturing equipment such as microscopes, liquid handlers and robotic arms.
Announced on 27 August, MHS began as a collaboration between Anthropic and the HHMI Janelia Research Campus. It introduces a standardised driver that lets any device with a programmable interface communicate with an AI agent, cutting integration work that typically takes weeks or months down to hours or minutes. The driver also lets users describe a device's characteristics and safety limits in natural language, which the system converts into a reference file the agent can use to operate it.
Once devices are connected, agents control them through three mechanisms: the Model Context Protocol, a command line interface, and code files acting as APIs, which work together to allow orchestration across multiple instruments via a single line of code.

Anthropic said the preview is being shared with a first group of research labs and manufacturers across biotech, robotics and quantum computing, ahead of an eventual open-source release. Hardware and software partners building MHS support into their products include Amazon Web Services, Automata, Danaher, Doosan Robotics, MBF Bioscience, QIAGEN, Tecan and Universal Robots, alongside developer-focused partners Hugging Face and Raspberry Pi.
Anthropic acknowledged current limitations, noting that Claude's spatial and physical reasoning, learned from text and images rather than direct physical experience, still requires expert oversight. It cited a case in which Genentech researchers had to guide Claude to recognise that foaming in protein samples was a physical failure rather than a software bug.
The company said it will use the preview period to build additional safety evaluations and develop a physical safety roadmap before releasing MHS as open source.
